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Black psychology (also called African psychology) is an African cosmological lens applied to social or psychological phenomena.〔Belgrave, F.Z. & Allison, K.W. (2010) p. 5.〕 This is approached from two perspectives: *The first perspective considers these concepts and theories as universal, which means that the lens is appropriate in studying all human beings, not just those of African heritage.〔 This approach was embodied in early efforts by Black scholars to challenge the assumption that African Americans were inferior. Over time, it grew to also incorporate the history and the experiences of African Americans, exploring it in a ways considered superior to the traditional models of White psychologists.〔Whitten, L. (1993).〕 *The second perspective, the Africentric scholar approach, considers the lens as only appropriate when applied to people of African descent.〔 Both perspectives agree that African American psychology is a science and that it is structured and organized.〔 Both African and African American psychologies study the thoughts, behaviors, feelings, beliefs, attitudes, interactions, and well-being of African Americans.〔 Black psychology has critiqued or rejected white psychology, developed afrocentric models of study and therapy, and intervened in the social struggle for more Black and human environments.〔(Black Psychology ) From Introduction to Black Studies by Maulena Karenga, 1993.〕 The history of early Black psychologists is lost to many students due the minimal coverage in courses.〔 However, research performed by early Black scholars on the effects of segregation and other racial matters played an important role in American history, like the research by Kenneth Bancroft Clark that was cited in Brown v. Board of Education by the U.S. Supreme Court.〔Guthrie, R.V. (1998). p. 190.〕 ==Early history== African American Psychology can be traced to ancient Egypt in 3200 B.C.〔Belgrave, F.Z. & Allison, K.W. (2010) p. 7.〕 Ancient Egypt was known as Kemet during this time period. The Kemites, the people ancient Egypt, studied the sophistication of the human psyche or soul and the higher mental processes as a holistic environment.〔Cusumano,D (2008) p. 1.〕 From their perspective, they believed that there was a continuity and harmony between nature and God. The Kemites had three levels: components of being which were mental, physical, and spiritual. It was based on religion. The mental and Physical levels were needed to satisfy the spiritual component.〔 God is the spirit and nature is physical.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Black psychology」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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